The generator is now more practical power generation equipment, but any mechanical equipment may fail, in order to let us not affect the efficiency of the use of the generator, can normal operation, to understand some of the generator set skills and diagnostic knowledge is also necessary!
1、 Internal causes
1. Properties of materials and oils
In the process of design and manufacture, the materials should be correctly selected according to the working properties and characteristics of generator parts. The main causes of wear, corrosion, deformation, rupture and aging of parts are improper selection of materials, non-compliance of materials and improper use of substitutes. The properties of various materials and oil used in the unit can be summed up in three aspects: physical, chemical and mechanical properties. Many faults of the unit are due to the influence of external factors, through these properties. If the metal material is too stressed, it will deform and oxidize under the action of high temperature; the non-metallic material will be aged, and the acid substance contained in the oil will corrode the metal, and the oil will also deteriorate.
2. Structural features of the machine parts
Each part of the unit has its own characteristics in structure. In the work, the external factors often play a role through these characteristics, so that the relevant parts have fault. For example, due to the structural characteristics of the engine water jacket, under the action of high temperature, the cooling water forms scale on the outer wall of the cylinder liner, which affects the cooling effect of the cylinder liner.
3. Working characteristics of machine parts
Direct contact and relative motion of the machine parts due to friction wear. For example, the piston ring of diesel engine is in direct contact with the cylinder. During the working process, the piston ring makes high-speed reciprocating linear movement in the cylinder, causing cylinder wear. Parts with severe temperature change during operation will produce deformation and cracks due to thermal stress. For example, in the working process of diesel engine, the internal stress of cylinder block and cylinder head is redistributed due to the high tide, which results in the warpage of cylinder head plane.
2、 External causes
1. Improper use
The user did not use the unit in accordance with the operating procedures. For example, if the engine runs at low speed frequently, the load will be increased rapidly without warm-up, and the engine oil pressure will be too low, which will accelerate the wear of parts; if the working time is too long, the load change is too large, and the long-term overload operation will also cause premature damage of parts.
2. Poor maintenance
The maintenance of the unit is not done according to the technical requirements. In the usual maintenance, oil should be changed in time, and the scale of air filter and water tank should be cleaned regularly. Carry out daily maintenance and level 1, 2 and 3 maintenance of the unit as required.
3. The repair quality is not high
In the process of repair, if the processing is improper and the repair technical requirements are not met, such as the improper fit clearance of each part, the surface finish is not enough, and the cleaning is not clean during assembly, etc., the unit will have faults in the use process. In the process of assembly, the accuracy of each part's position is also very important. If it can't meet the requirements, it will cause additional stress, produce eccentric wear and other adverse consequences, and accelerate the failure of parts.
It is an important condition to establish a reasonable maintenance system and strictly implement the technical maintenance and operation procedures of diesel generator set to ensure the reliable operation of the unit and to improve its service life. In addition, it is necessary to train the maintenance personnel regularly to improve their business level.
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